Glycolic acid is a type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that is widely used in skincare products for its exfoliating properties. It is derived from sugarcane and is known for having the smallest molecular size among the AHAs, which allows it to penetrate the skin effectively. Here's a detailed look at what glycolic acid is and how it works:

What is Glycolic Acid?

Glycolic acid is an organic compound belonging to the alpha hydroxy acid family. It is water-soluble and is commonly used in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, serums, peels, and masks. Due to its small molecular size, glycolic acid can easily penetrate the skin, making it one of the most effective AHAs for exfoliation and skin renewal.

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How Does Glycolic Acid Work?

1. Exfoliation:
   • Chemical Exfoliant: Glycolic acid works as a chemical exfoliant by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells on the skin's surface. This action helps to remove the outer layer of dead skin, revealing fresher, smoother skin underneath.
   • Smoothing Texture: By removing dead skin cells, glycolic acid helps to smooth rough texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines, and promote a more even skin tone.

2. Cell Turnover:
   • Stimulating Cell Renewal: Glycolic acid stimulates the skin's natural cell turnover process, encouraging the shedding of old, damaged cells and promoting the growth of new, healthy cells. This process can improve the overall appearance of the skin, making it look brighter and more youthful.

3. Hyperpigmentation and Uneven Skin Tone:
   • Fading Dark Spots: Glycolic acid can help fade hyperpigmentation, such as dark spots, sun spots, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (like acne scars). It does this by accelerating the removal of pigmented cells and promoting even skin tone.

4. Collagen Production:
   • Boosting Collagen: Regular use of glycolic acid can help stimulate collagen production, a protein that provides structure and firmness to the skin. Increased collagen levels can reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, giving the skin a firmer and more youthful appearance.

5. Hydration:
   • Humectant Properties: Although glycolic acid is primarily known for its exfoliating properties, it also has humectant properties, meaning it can help attract and retain moisture in the skin. This can be particularly beneficial for dry or dehydrated skin.

How to Use Glycolic Acid:

1. Start Slowly:
   • If you are new to glycolic acid, start with a lower concentration (around 5-10%) and gradually increase the strength as your skin builds tolerance.

2. Frequency:
   • Use glycolic acid 2-3 times a week initially, then gradually increase the frequency if your skin tolerates it well.

3. Application:
   • Apply glycolic acid to clean, dry skin. If using a serum or toner, follow up with a moisturizer to help hydrate and protect the skin barrier.

4. Sun Protection:
   • Glycolic acid can increase the skin's sensitivity to the sun, so it's crucial to use sunscreen during the day with at least SPF 30 and reapply as needed.

5. Patch Test:
   • Always perform a patch test before using a new glycolic acid product to check for any adverse reactions or sensitivity.

Considerations:

• Sensitive Skin: Glycolic acid can cause irritation, redness, and sensitivity, especially for those with sensitive skin. It's essential to monitor your skin's response and adjust the frequency and concentration accordingly.

• Combination with Other Actives: Be cautious when combining glycolic acid with other active ingredients like retinoids, Vitamin C, or other exfoliants, as this can increase the risk of irritation.

Glycolic acid is a versatile and effective ingredient that can provide a range of benefits, from exfoliation and brightening to anti-aging. However, it's important to use it correctly and with proper precautions to avoid over-exfoliation and irritation. Go for Perenne 5% AHA Detan Body Lotion, Clarifying mask and scrub with AHA & BHA.